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(1) The material for manufacturing the steel ball was good, and metallurgical defects and concentrated distribution inclusions were not detected.
(2) Cracking of the steel ball is caused by quenching cracks, which is a result of high superheating temperature and coarsening and brittle martensite.
(3) The intergranular cracks observed in the metallographic examination, the coarse martensite structure and the local melting of the grain boundaries all indicate that the steel ball quenching temperature is too high.
(4) The hardness test shows that the cooling is uneven during the quenching process and the tendency of quenching is increased.
(5) SEM observation revealed a micro-fracture morphology and grain boundary over-burning, which also indicated that the quenching temperature was too high.